To calculate process yield, we use the following formula: Yield: The percentage of a process that is free of defects. For instance, if we sampled 800 units and found 50 defects with 5 opportunities per unit and multiplied this figure by 1 million, the DPMO would be as follows: For instance, if we sampled 800 units and found 50 defects with 5 opportunities per unit, the DPO would be as follows:ĭefects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO): The total defects in a sample divided by the total defect chances multiplied by 1 million. For instance, if we sampled 800 units and detected 50 defects, the DPU would be as follows:ĭefects per Opportunity (DPO): The total defects within a sample divided by the total defect chances. When the Create graph check box is selected, clicking this button will create a compound graph containing plots of the Yield density and Yield for the specified values.Defects per Unit (DPU): The total defects within a sample divided by the number of units that were sampled. When the Send to Report check box is selected, clicking this button will also send these values to a report. See also, Six Sigma Process for a discussion of how the normal distribution is used in the Six Sigma Calculator.Ĭlick the Compute button to compute the DPMO value from the current value of Sigma (if the Inverse check box is not set), or to compute Sigma from the current value of DPMO (if the Inverse check box is set). These display fields show small graphs, depicting the normal curve and the cumulative normal curve associated with the current parameter values (Sigma or DPMO). This (output only) field reports the process yield, expressed as the percent of the (one-sided) area under the normal curve (given the 1.5 * sigma process shift) that falls below the respective specification limit. The number of non-defects can be considered the yield of the process. The DPMO (defects per one million opportunities) field displays the number of defects that a process produces. If you enter the Sigma value, then the resulting DPMO value will automatically be updated in this field. If you enter the DPMO (defects per million opportunities) value into this field, the Six Sigma calculator will compute the Sigma value in the Sigma edit field. If you enter the DPMO value, then the resulting Sigma value will automatically be updated in this field. If you enter the sigma value into this field, the Six Sigma calculator will compute the defects per one million opportunities in the DPMO edit field. See Six Sigma Process for additional details. Select the Inverse check box to compute Sigma based on a DPMO (defects per one million opportunities). The compound graph is displayed in an individual window, regardless of the setting on the Options dialog box - Output Manager tab or the Analysis/graph Output Manager dialog box. Therefore, you can edit the parameters using the microscrolls and review the results in the graph icons in this dialog then, when you are ready, click the Compute button to create the desired graph. The graph will be created when you click the Compute button, not when you change the parameters with the microscrolls. Select the Create graph check box if you want the Yield Density function and Yield graphs for the specified parameters to be placed in a compound graph (see also Six Sigma Process). In order to send the graphs created when you select the Create graph check box to a report, select the graph window and then click the Add to report toolbar button. Therefore, you can edit the parameters using the microscrolls and review the results in the boxes in this dialog then, when you are ready, click the Compute button to send the resulting values to a report. These values will be sent to a report when you click the Compute button, not when you change the parameters with the microscrolls. Select the Send to Report check box to send the computed values and parameters to a report. To perform detailed analyses of expected probabilities for the normal distribution, for a wide variety of non-normal distributions, use the general Probability Calculator facilities. The computations are based on a process shift of 1.5 * sigma, and the DPMO and the process Yield are computed based on a one-sided (one-tailed) criterion (see also Six Sigma Process). The Six Sigma Calculator tool will produce results consistent with most designated six sigma tables (e.g., see Harry and Schroeder, 2000 Pyzdek, 2001 Rath and Strong, 2000), and it is ideal to be used for a quick reference or training. Refer to Six Sigma Process for a discussion of the computational approach. You can also compute Sigma from a given DPMO, by setting the Inverse check box. The Six Sigma calculator will compute the standard number of defects per one million opportunities (DPMO) and the process Yield (in percent), based on a given Sigma.
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